Applications of Molecular and Cell Biology

by Low Jun How

Notes for the biology application syllabus.

Part 1

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Revised Microeconomics Notes

Updates
[12/11] Resource allocation: Expanded the initial part on scarcity/resource allocation a little
MF/GI: Additions as follows – point on equity, evaluation on subsidy provision, governmental regulation on imperfect markets.

The old microeconomics summary will still be available here, but updates to the microeconomics notes will be on these files from now onwards.

Part 1: Resource Allocation (75kb)
Part 2: Firms and How They Operate (61kb)
Part 3: Market Failure and Government Intervention (68kb)

International Economics

The section on globalization is rather sparse. You might want to read up on globalization yourself. Alternatively, try this.

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ITCZ

About the ITCZ and how it influences the monsoon circulation in Asia.

Right now it’s missing the two diagrams for the winter and summer monsoons.

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P&C Crashcourse

Okay, so it’s not really a crashcourse, but I had a lot of people asking me how to tackle P&C questions over the past few months – notwithstanding the fact that I used to have problems with P&C as well - so here is a list of questions, with worked solutions that you’ll hopefully find useful in helping you understand P&C.

You might also want to check out the H2 Mathematics Applets page I linked a while ago, under Permutations & Combinations for applets that might be useful in helping you with various P&C problems.

[Update on 20/09/08: Minor changes here and there. Nothing big.]

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Litho: Examples

After the jump: a list of examples to use for litho

Biochemistry

Quick summary for the biochemistry section of organic nitrogen compounds.

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Urban Transport

A one page summary on urban transport problems, causes and solutions

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L3s: Urban Geography

Updated: 07/10/07
Changelog: Added in a section for urban transport

Examples to use for Urban Geog to get your L3 marks! I’m sure there are much more, but these are the ones that I could find, but if you think there’s something really worth adding in here, do leave a comment!

I need to make a qualifier here. Manila may or may not be primate, depending on how you look at it. The fact remains that Manila City is not the largest in Philippines; rather, that honour goes to Quezon City, with Manila trailing a far second.

This stems from the fact that the Philippines has a rather confusing way of dividing their country into regions, provinces, cities, municipalities and barangays. That said, it is the National Capital Regions (NCR) – also known as the Manila Metro, or, simply, Manila (without ”city”) - that is primate so Manila (not the city) is, may be considered a “primate region” – that, of course, depending on what you’re comparing it to. It’s primate compared to the next city outside the NCR – but that confuses us even more because the NCR is home to around 11.3 million people. The next largest region is CALABARZON which is home to some 9.3 million people. Simple math would tell you that 11.3 million is barely twice 9.3 million. So is Manila primate? Your call.

My opinion? Use Bangkok as an example. It’s some 21 times larger than the next largest city, Nonthaburi. Can’t go wrong there.

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Isolating, Cloning and Sequencing DNA

by Low Jun How

Notes for the biology application syllabus.

Part 2

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Urban/Population Geography Summaries

by Pear Reimin (more notes over at her site)

Update: Population geography notes now in .zip format. If anyone has any idea why the original .doc is a whopping 2mb large, do tell me. If it helps, I converted it from a .docx. Leave a comment if you have any ideas, thanks!

These files are rather huge and amount to around 30 pages each. But they provide excellent overviews if you haven’t studied these two topics of human geography at all. ;)

Population Geography [.zip] (119kb)
Urban Geography (202kb)

Globalization Summary

copyright Li Kun Man
NB: this set of notes are not CC-Licensed

Missing a section on international labour movements.

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Macroeconomics Essay Outlines 2

NJC Prelims 06
Thanks to Chloe, Iwan and Jun How for helping me look through these.

Q3) In times of recession, a decrease in tax will induce spending and through the multiplier process add to income and create more jobs.
Discuss this argument and consider whether it necessarily implies that it would be better to reduce tax. [25]

Q5)

“China’s economy last year achieved a highly impressive growth rate of around 9%. Domestic consumption and domestic investment continued to form the dominant source of growth. The true inflation rate is probably above 5%. The economy is overheated” (The Straits Times, January 26, 2004)

Discuss the effectiveness of various government policies that could be used to deal with the ‘overheated economy’. [25]

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Math Notes

Last updated: 16/03/08
Changelog:
[16/03] Realised that the exponential form for complex numbers was missing. This is fixed now.

Do note that some of the information provided here are in MF15 as well.

Thanks Long and Shawn for pointing out the mistakes in the previous version.

Pure Math v2.2 (126kb)
Statistics v2.3 (62kb)

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Cheatsheets: Macroeconomic Objectives

Overviews on the four macroeconomic policies (excluding exchange rates), pretty comprehensive, but additions, corrections and comments most welcome as usual.

Also note that the bottom corner of the window under Consequences that corresponds to external long run effects does not actually refer to the latter (except for BOP), but rather contains points that may be useful to note in discussing the issue.

Inflation (53kb)
Unemployment (44kb)
Economic Growth (40kb)
BOP (40kb)

Group VII Cheatsheet

Updated: 07/09/07
Changelog: + equation for disproportionation of halate (I) ions

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About Singapore

Updated: 10/11/07

A economics summary thing I did about the things you need to know for Singapore.
Comments, additions and corrections most welcome

Download v3 (58kb)

More Biology Notes

Hello, just a quick link over the Joon Faii’s site here.
The notes are available in both .doc and .pdf forms.

Download Adobe Reader.

Essay Outline: Future Forms of Cities

N2006
b) What priorities are likely to influence the future form of cities in EMDCs? [16]

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Economics: Shorthand glossary

Here’s what I hope is a more or less comprehensive glossary of the contractions I use in my notes which I admit may be bewildering at times. The complete glossary after the jump.